SIHOMBING, STEVIANA and Putra, Ardi and Charin, Rizky Putri Octa (2026) PERAN BADAN PENGELOLA PERBATASAN DAERAH PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU DALAM PENANGANAN ISU PERBATASAN INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA. S1 thesis, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kompleksitas masalah perbatasan antara Indonesia dan Malaysia di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau, seperti perlindungan pekerja migran Indonesia (PMI), pemulangan warga negara Indonesia (WNI) dan jenazah, perdagangan orang (TPPO), penyelundupan pekerja migran ilegal, serta berbagai masalah keamanan dan pembangunan di wilayah perbatasan yang memerlukan pengelolaan terpadu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Badan Pengelola Perbatasan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau (BPPD) dalam menangani masalah perbatasan antara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori peran Soerjono Soekanto, yang mencakup peran normatif, peran ideal, dan peran faktual. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Sumber data terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tinjauan pustaka yang melibatkan tiga informan kunci. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, secara normatif, BPPD telah melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan melalui koordinasi, fasilitasi kerja sama, pemantauan, dan evaluasi pengelolaan wilayah perbatasan. Mengenai peran ideal, pelaksanaan tugas belum sepenuhnya optimal akibat kendala seperti tumpang tindih kewenangan, koordinasi operasional yang terbatas, keterbatasan sumber daya, serta integrasi program lintas sektor yang belum optimal. Sementara itu, dalam praktiknya, BPPD telah melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan melalui koordinasi antarlembaga, Forum Sosial Ekonomi Malindo, pemantauan lapangan, serta memfasilitasi penanganan isu-isu terkait pekerja migran, keamanan wilayah, dan pembangunan wilayah perbatasan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa BPPD telah menjalankan perannya dengan cukup baik; namun, koordinasi, kewenangan, sumber daya, dan sinergi antarlembaga masih perlu diperkuat agar pengelolaan kawasan perbatasan Indonesia dan Malaysia dapat dilaksanakan secara lebih efektif, komprehensif, dan berkelanjutan. This study is motivated by the complexity of border issues between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Riau Islands Province, such as the protection of Indonesian migrant workers (PMI), the repatriation of Indonesian citizens (WNI) and the remains of the deceased, human trafficking (TPPO), the smuggling of illegal migrant workers, as well as various security and development issues in the border region that require integrated management. This study aims to analyze the role of the Riau Islands Provincial Border Management Agency (BPPD) in addressing border issues between Indonesia and Malaysia. This study employs Soerjono Soekanto’s role theory, which encompasses normative roles, ideal roles, and factual roles. The methodology used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data sources consist of primary and secondary data obtained through interviews, documentation, and a literature review involving three key informants. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research findings indicate that, normatively, the BPPD has carried out its duties in accordance with laws and regulations through coordination, facilitation of cooperation, monitoring, and evaluation of border area management. Regarding its ideal role, the execution of duties has not been fully optimal due to constraints such as overlapping authorities, limited operational coordination, resource constraints, and suboptimal cross-sectoral program integration. Meanwhile, in practice, the BPPD has carried out various activities through interagency coordination, the Malindo Socio Economic Forum, field monitoring, and facilitating the handling of issues related to migrant workers, regional security, and border area development. This study concludes that the BPPD has performed its role reasonably well; however, coordination, authority, resources, and inter-agency synergy still need to be strengthened so that the management of the Indonesia-Malaysia border area can be carried out more effectively, comprehensively, and sustainably.

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